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The Victoria Cross (VC) is a military decoration that may be bestowed upon members of the British or Commonwealth armed forces for acts of valour or gallantry performed in the face of the enemy. Within the British honours system and those of many Commonwealth nations it is the highest award a soldier can receive for actions in combat.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Victoria Cross: The Premier Award for Gallantry )〕 It was established in 1856 and since then has been awarded 1,356 times, including three service personnel who were awarded the VC twice.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Victoria Cross )〕 The British Army's Brigade of Gurkhas, a group of units composed of Nepalese soldiers—although originally including British officers—has been a part of the Army since 1815. When raised it originally focused on conflicts in the Far East, but the transfer of Hong Kong from British to Chinese hands necessitated that the brigade move its base to the UK. A battalion is still maintained in Brunei and as of 2009, units serve in Afghanistan, Iraq and the Balkans.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Brigade of Gurkhas )〕 Since the VC was introduced it has been awarded to Gurkhas or British officers serving with Gurkha regiments 26 times.〔Parker 2005, pp. 391–393.〕 The first award was made in 1858 to a British officer of the Gurkhas, John Tytler, during the campaigns that followed the Indian Rebellion of 1857, while the first award to a native Gurkha, Kulbir Thapa, was in 1915 during the First World War. When the Victoria Cross was initially established, Gurkhas, along with all other native troops of the British East India Company Army or the British Indian Army, were not eligible for the decoration and as such, up until 1911, all of the Gurkha recipients of the award were British officers who were attached to Gurkha regiments.〔Parker 2005, p. 62.〕 Until that time the highest award that Gurkhas were eligible for was the Indian Order of Merit. Since 1911 however, of the 16 VCs awarded to men serving with Gurkha regiments, 13 have been bestowed upon native Gurkhas.〔Parker 2005, pp. 391–393.〕 The most recent award was made in 1965 to Rambahadur Limbu, during the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation.〔 Along with the Royal Green Jackets, the Gurkha Regiments are one of the most heavily decorated Commonwealth regiments. In 1950, when India became a republic, Gurkhas serving in the Gurkha regiments of the Indian Army lost their eligibility for the Victoria Cross and they are now covered under the separate Indian honours system. Under this system the Param Vir Chakra (PVC), which is India's highest military decoration for valour,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Param Vir Chakra )〕 is considered to be equivalent to the Victoria Cross. As such only those serving in the Gurkha units of the British Army remain eligible for the Victoria Cross.〔 __NOTOC__ ==Recipients== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Brigade of Gurkhas recipients of the Victoria Cross」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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